Essay about Air Pollution and Health Disparities - 1252 Words

To a great degree the eminent problem is the air pollution we breathe. Who can help amend the air we breathe. In order to improve the quality of the air, people have to be aware of the specific mode of pollution and the effect of it. The traffic-pollution causes affliction and distress to individuals. The reason for this tragedy is due in part by every one of us. High concentration of vehicle exhausts is the main source of air pollution in urban areas. Neighborhoods in proximity to heavy traffic areas can negatively impact a community’s health conditions and outcomes. Those people that are disproportionately exposed to great levels of exhaust fumes are those who have a low socioeconomic and educational status and are part of race/ethnicity†¦show more content†¦PM2.5 fine inhalable combustion particles connecting this to serious health problem including cardiovascular disease, aggravation of respiratory and premature deaths. PM10 standard to protection against the effe ct of dust, pollen, mold, etc. exposure to coarse particles (epa.gov). 1) Primary standard (health-based) and secondary-standard (welfare-based) protect public health with an adequate margin of safety, including the health of at-risk population/pre-existing condition. 2) Secondary standard (welfare-based) protection public welfare (the state of doing well) from adverse effects, including visibility impairment and known or anticipated on the environment. METHODS CDC studies have relied on measure of traffic by the Geographical Information System (GIS) -The study say that residential proximity to major highways is part of class bias in the housing market structure and land costs, suggesting that pollutant sources are located near disadvantaged communities. Scientists say that those exposed to high levels of pollution particles over time are at higher risk for negative health effects and outcome. The environmental impact on these people’s health impairs their well-being and in most cases leads to death. The U.S. Census Bureau collects data on race and ethnicity and reveals that the people who live inShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Environmental Racism Of Los Angeles1623 Words   |  7 Pageslong history of racial division of its land. The city of angeles continues to favor elites at the expense of the minorities. This paper will demonstrate how disadvantages can affect communities while providing some possible solutions for the se disparities. A BRIEF HISTORY Racism is a broad issue. It isn’t clear when it began, as different forms of racism exist. Environmental racism, for instance, started to become a national issue in 1982 when civil rights activists wanted to block the state ofRead MoreThe Global Economy Essay808 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment. Environmental change and its consequent health impacts are driven by economic growth, population growth and urbanization. It has been shown that it is possible to manage economic growth in ways that preserve environmental quality and enhance human health. Achieving the benefits of economic development while minimizing its harmful impacts will require an increased awareness of links between environment and health to improve public health. Achieving these benefits will depend on a greaterRead MoreChicago Is A Diverse City1669 Words   |  7 Pagesdifference represents health disparities. Health disparities can be defined as different people in certain neighborhoods do not get the s ame health benefits as other neighborhoods. The biggest threat to social justice in Chicago are health disparities, especially in the South and West Sides of town because people who are living there are more prone to diseases, people are prevented from eating healthily, and they are prevented from getting simple exercise. Health disparities are not based on incomeRead MoreEssay On Vlbw Infants1178 Words   |  5 Pages26 percentage points for Black infants in the same period. It is not known, however, the exact causes of these trends. As explored in Donahue et al. (2012), it is likely chances in social and environmental factors, such as SES, diet, stress, and pollution driving this change. According to the data reported by the National Vital Statistics Report, in 2015 Black women were 1.93 times more likely to give birth to a LBW infant than a White woman, and 2.65 times more likely to give birth to a VLBW infantRead MoreEssay about The Impact of the Environment on Health794 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental health is the science that studies how the environment influences the human disease and health. Environment means things that are natural to us in the environment, for instance air, water, and soil. However, it also covers the physical, chemical, biological, and social features that surround us every day. The physical environment is the man-made or built structures that include our living, work, and even schools. Included in the community systems such as the roads and our transportationsRead MoreThe Medical Mission Trip Of Haiti1661 Words   |  7 PagesMy nursing practice has been affected by the medical mission trips that I have taken to Haiti. This course has further expanded my knowledge of global nursing and helped me to understand and envision new ways to improve health outcomes. I have been face to face with impoverished people who lacked access to clean drinking water, proper sanitation, nourishment and healthcare services. The life expectancy at birth in Haiti for women is 64 and in men is 61 (WHO, 2015). Haiti is the poorest countryRead MoreMy Interest On Public Health988 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest in public health stems from a natural inclination and compassion to help people. Although at the time it was not readily apparent that public health was what I was search ing for, I found myself focusing my energy on impoverished and destitute population working towards finding them the appropriate health care they needed as well as educating them about healthy lifestyle behaviors. It later became evident to me that all long since undergrad, I have pursued work in public health without realizingRead MoreThe Disparities Between African American Women And European Americans1387 Words   |  6 Pagesall racial or ethnic groups in the United States (Elizabeth ward, 2004). The health disparities in African Americans and other racial groups are alarming. For this essay I choose to focus on the empirical facts on the disparities between African American women and European American women who are diagnosed with breast cancer and the disparity in mortality rates. Therefore many of the studies I found linked the disparity to race, poverty and environmental factors. American cancer society estimatesRead MoreDisparities Within The Health Care Environment1702 Wo rds   |  7 PagesHealthcare Disparities Healthcare disparities have been an issue all over the world for a very long time. The purpose of this paper is to give you knowledge on disparities within the health care environment. This paper will discuss the definition of disparities, types of disparities, reasons for disparities, statistical data from trends and reports, and information on disparities elimination and improvements. What are healthcare disparities? Defining a disparity can eliminate confusion that disparitiesRead MoreEconomic And Social Development : Thailand Still Faces Critical Health Issues859 Words   |  4 Pages Despite notable declines in mortality trends, Thailand still faces critical health issues. Achievements in both economic and social development, as well the implementation of universal health care attribute to this decline1. Regardless of successes disparities remain nationally and inequality follows. Non-communicable diseases account for the largest burden of mortality, NCDs compromise chronic, and non-infectious diseases. The proportional mortality with respect to total deaths is 71%2. This approximates

Labor Code - 1120 Words

Anna Chichba November 16, 2014 Labor code of Russian Federation The Russian Labor Code forms the basis of labor relations in Russia and outlines the rights of employees. The new Labor Code was adopted effective 1 February 2002. An employment contract (trudovye dogovory / Ã'‚Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ´Ã ¾Ã ²Ã'‹Ð µ Ð ´Ã ¾Ã ³Ã ¾Ã ²Ã ¾Ã'€Ã'‹) for any type of employment (full-time, part-time, temporary or permanent) must always be in writing, with two original copies signed by both parties, and one kept by each party. If in exceptional cases a company admits an employee without a written contract, a contract should be prepared and signed within three days of admission. All contracts must be in both Russian and English to be accepted by a Russian court, and usually contain the following:†¦show more content†¦Contract conditions 1) Trial periods (typically up to a maximum of three months) are permitted to assess the suitability of employees for a position. Certain categories of employees are not subject to a trial periods (e.g. pregnant women, minors, transferees). The trial period can be established for six months for directors, deputy directors, chief accountants, deputy chief accountants and directors of branches, representative offices. 2) Standard working hours are not to exceed 40 hours per week, with a one hour lunch break. 3) Overtime is permitted for certain categories of employees in certain circumstances, but generally should not exceed four hours in two successive days and 120 hours per year. Overtime is payable at the following rates: not less than 1.5 times of the normal salary rate per hour for the first two hours and not le ss than 2 times for subsequent hours and for work on weekends and non-working days. Also, employees have the right to demand additional days off as compensation for overtime. 4) Vacation time. Employees are entitled to 12 paid public holidays and an annual leave of at least 28 calendar days. For some categories of employees, the minimum annual leave established by legislation can exceed 28 calendar days. 5) An employee is entitledShow MoreRelatedLabor Code3971 Words   |  16 Pagesselection of Filipino workers for overseas employment in order to protect the good name of the Philippines abroad. Title I RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT OF WORKERS Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS Art. 13. Definitions. 1. Worker means any member of the labor force, whether employed or unemployed.    2. Recruitment and placement refers to any act of canvassing, enlisting, contracting, transporting, utilizing, hiring or procuring workers, and includes referrals, contract services, promising or advertisingRead MoreThe Labor Code Of The Philippines Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pageswages. The Labor Code of the Philippines defines employee as â€Å"any person compulsory covered by the GSIS under Commonwealth Act hundred eighty-six, as amended, including the members of the Armed forces of the Philippines, and any other person employed as casual, emergency temporary, substitute or contractual, or any person compulsorily covered by the SSS under Republic Act Numbered Eleven hundred sixty-one, as amended† (The Labor Code of the Philippines, 2011-12, p.36). Under the Labor Code of the PhilippinesRead MoreTexas Labor Code Anti Discrimination Provisions1467 Words   |  6 PagesTexas Labor Code Anti-Discrimination Provisions Texas has its own laws for employment discrimination but employers who abide by the federal statute will be safe under the Texas state law as well. The reason for this is that the Texas Labor Code Anti-Discrimination Provisions are parallel with the Federal Discrimination guidelines. However, there is a trend throughout cities and counties within America that allow these local municipalities to have their own ordinances. In Texas, local government canRead MoreTaking a Look at Child Labor1500 Words   |  6 PagesStill to this day child labor is still going on in Democratic Republics. Children and young adults are still fighting for their lives as I write this paper. Trying to help their poor parents survive and to help put food in their stomachs. Child Labor is when young kids and young adults work under poor work conditions. Most young kids worked for Carpet Company’s because their hands were small enough to grab the little strings. Young girls married under the age of 18 and most girls marry duringRead MoreRobots Are Evolving Into Humans1311 Words   |  6 Pagesthere for people, when then need them. They do not cheat or get angry at people, unlike humans who are constantly looking for a reason to start a fight. Robots are not just better at being a good companion than the humans, but also better at getting labor done. As Zaynep Tufekci asserts in his article â€Å"The Machines Are Coming†, that robots are faster, cheaper, and more efficient than getting the work done. The robots do not make any excuses. Nor it requires any payment from the employer to get theRead MoreCrisis Hiring1020 Words   |  5 Pagesskilled labour and unskilled manual labour ? Skilled Labor Skilled labor refers to labor that requires workers who have specialized training or a learned skill-set to perform the work. These workers can be either blue-collar or white-collar workers, with varied levels of training or education. Very highly skilled workers may fall under the category of professionals, rather than skilled labor, such as doctors and lawyers. Examples of skilled labor occupations are: electricians, law enforcement officersRead MoreNike: The Sweatshop Debate Essay1195 Words   |  5 Pagesrights groups, and labor leaders. In April 1997, the task force broadcast an arrangement for workers rights that U.S. companies could agree to when manufacturing out of the country. The agreement limited the work week to60 hours and called for paying at least the local minimum wage in foreign factories. The task force also agreed to create an independent monitoring association that was later named the Fair Labor Association (FLA) to decide if companies were following the code. I n early 1997, NikeRead More American Needs More Government Jobs Programs Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pagesfilling out applications online; especially if they had been working for 30 years at the same company (Alpert, 2011). The labor market is governed by the laws of supply and demand. There are policies that address labor supply and labor demand. Labor supply strategies refer to employment training programs that are supported by the U.S. government over a period of time. Labor demand strategies encourage employers to hire more workers by helping them create new jobs; encourage them to hire certainRead More The Day Labor Market in Phoenix, Arizona Essay3061 Words   |  13 PagesThe Day Labor Market in Phoenix, Arizona Introduction This paper focuses on the Macehualli Day Labor Union located in Phoenix, Arizona in the 85032 area. Throughout the history of the United States, illegal immigrants have come from all over the world to find work and a better way of life. It is estimated that right now there are about seven million illegal aliens living in America. About 69% of these illegal immigrants are Mexican and over 283,000 of them live in Arizona1. In this paperRead MoreGlobal Business Cultural Analysis Of International Business4794 Words   |  20 Pagesculture, business, SWOT analysis, labor, markets Global Business Cultural Analysis Italy is a peninsula situated in the southern part of Europe, primarily surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea. It is estimated to be home to more than 58 million people. While Italians make up a large part of the population, immigration has played a major role in the steady population growth rate that Italy has retained year after year. With Italy’s large, industrious labor market, high unemployment rate, developed

The Scarlet Letter Research Paper - 1189 Words

Tyler Beal English III T. Sinclair 19 May 2013 Portraying the Scarlet A within the Characters In reality, the Scarlet Letter is many things. It has all the characteristics of a modern-day soap opera, but it is way more than some television show cast on ABC. It could be a sermon being shouted from a church attendee, but no; the Puritans are surely not the heroes in this novel. It could be a story of failure, for there are many failures cast upon the main characters, or it could be a story of revenge from an angry husband. And, maybe it could even be a story of creativity-- the attempt of one to see their artistic side in a community who disapproves a mind of imagination. The novel could mean a multitude of things, only noticed†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Just like everyone else, he wears a scarlet letter, although his, is hidden by a life of saintliness and good-heart† (Ryskamp). Not only does he live a life of self-deception, but he also shows other dark aspects of human nature, depicted by the scarlet letter A. Al l together, the â€Å"A† he is guilty of is ambition, to which he will sacrifice everything. Chillingworth and his connection to the scarlet letter may be the worst of all in the Puritan community. He, in some way, is always identified as the devil’s missionary or the devil himself, this trait shown from the moment he finds the wound on Dimmesdale’s bosom. â€Å"But what distinguished the physician’s ecstasy from Satan’s was the trait of wonder in it† (126). Pearl sees him first as a devilish figure; then, before him and Hester’s last confrontation before her confessing to Dimmesdale who he is, she sees him in the form of a satanic figure, a bat. â€Å"Chillingworth’s character displays the evilness of heart, if there is heart in him† (Ryskamp). His deformity of body finally represents a deformity of character which heart and soul play little part. His â€Å"A† could also stand for alchemist or artist, since he is both. His art, contrasting much from Hester’s creative art, is black art or black magic. In the end, though, bent over on the ground, he looks more along the lines of a snake than he does a human. Hester and Dimmesdale haveShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter Research Paper1586 Words   |  7 PagesAlex Soltanian Mrs. Muller Period 2 December 4, 2014 The Scarlet Letter Research Paper Fitting into todays modern world has become of a great deal to us. Keeping up with trends, music, games and pop culture have taken the interests of kids and adolescents in the 21st century. Kids into the â€Å"main stream† interests are considered more popular than other kids. This causes conformity in our culture which is a growing problem on how kids are able to express themselves. Its is as if they are scared toRead MoreRomanticism And Transcendentalism In Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter956 Words   |  4 Pages The Scarlet Letter - Research Paper Nathaniel Hawthorne is 19th-century author whose works were primarily classified as romanticism and transcendentalism. His works held many controversial elements for his time including the extensive use of feminist principles. Many of Hawthornes novels depict a different viewpoint on the defiance towards misogyny and patriarchal ways. The Scarlet Letter furthermore enhances these elements. Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter, portrays the many elements of feminismRead MoreFeminism in the Scarlet Letter1297 Words   |  6 PagesJane Jonga Research Paper 11 March 2008 Hawthorne’s Hester Prynne and Feminism â€Å"In Heaven’s own time, a new truth would be revealed, in order to establish the whole relation between man and woman on a surer ground of mutual happiness† (ch.24).The definition of feminism would be women are inherently equal to men and deserve equal rights and opportunities. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s, The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne is the key example for feminism in the novel. In Puritan times, women were thoughtRead MoreSelf as a Writer: Building Writing Skills upon Basic Foundations846 Words   |  4 Pagesessay. I have always felt distain hearing improper grammar; therefore, I never use it myself. Before, I felt self-conscious using line after line of description while setting a scene in a creative story, having now read Nathanial Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, this fear of overdoing description has long passed. Although strengths determine the success of an author, their weaknesses are just as prominent in their work. The converse of strength is weakness, which is defined in the Dictionary asRead MoreEssay about Character Analysis of Roger Chillingworth655 Words   |  3 PagesArthur Dimmesdale are all important when analyzing his character. Chillingworths marriage to Hester is important to giving motive for his torture of Dimmesdale. Nathanial Hawthornes use of Chillingworth as a symbol will also be discussed in this research paper. Learning why Chillingworth tortures Dimmsdale will help the understanding of his character. Susan Van Kik says, Roger Chillingworth, unlike Hester and Dimmesdale, is a flat character. While he develops into an obsessed fiend, he is less ofRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1405 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Salem scene, notwithstanding its numerous guiltless casualties, incredibly added to the redefinition of the popular feeling of ladies, fiend and sin all in all. 4. SALEM WITCHCRAFT TRIALS IN ARTHUR MILLER S THE CRUCIBLE Since the center of this paper is to consider Salem occasions from the point of view of the part and position of ladies, already specified hypotheses will be utilized to view a few representations of Salem occasions in American writing. Maybe the best known work enlivened by SalemRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin, By Harriet Beecher Stowe1381 Words   |  6 Pagesmerit. George Orwell famously called it â€Å"the best bad book of the age.† Uncle Tom’s Cabin is arguably no Pride and Prejudice or Scarlet Letter. Leo Tolstoy is one of the few critics who praise it unabashedly, calling Uncle Tom’s Cabin a model of the â€Å"highest type† of art because it flowed from love of God and man. So why has it been called â€Å"a verbal earthquake, an ink-and-paper tidal wave†? How and why has it been so influential? Uncle Tom’s Cabin, or Life among the Lowly is at heart a typical nineteenth-centuryRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Cesar Chavez s Article1915 Words   |  8 Pagesmother’s advice.† This allows the reader of my essay to see the effects of the rhetorical devices used by John Quincy Adams. In my last rhetorical analysis, I was able to effectively analyze and explain the rhetorical strategies in Samuel Johnson’s letter. I was able to explain the effect of certain sentences. In the essay, I said how â€Å"this sentence allows the woman to see the ridiculous nature of her request.† When I first started, I had only a limited understanding of rhetorical devices and how toRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Minister s Black Veil1557 Words   |  7 Pagesmysterious and expressive novels like The Scarlet Letter, Twice Told Tales, and The House of The Seven Gables. The novel that caught my full attention was The Minister’s Black Veil because it has myste ry. I wonder why he writes so much about mystery? Nathaniel is a great writer and the way he wrote this novel caught my attention full on. My favorite thing about Nathaniel is that his stories are full of mystery and that what he thinks he writes it down on paper and it fascinates me the fact that he wasRead MoreRelativism And Abortions. Does Not Every Child Have The1348 Words   |  6 Pageseveryone has a different viewpoint. For example, pro-life supporters believe that every child has the right to live no matter the circumstances. On the other hand, pro-choice supporters believe that all women have a choice over their body. In this paper, I will demonstrate the inherit weakness of relativism as an ethical theory by examining the issue of abortion. I will then defend my viewpoint on how being pro-choice is morally unethical. By the end of the nineteenth century, abortions started to

Case Analysis Pepcid Ac Racing to the Otc Market free essay sample

The first option would be to pursue both claims of treatment and prevention, which would help differentiate their drug from other competitors OTC drugs that are also pending FDA approval. The first option could require up to 9 months of additional studies and investments to provide further evidence to the advisory committee and FDA. Conversely, they could choose the second option, to bypass the recommendations of the advisory committee and take their case directly to the FDA with the goal of being the first to enter the market. If they choose the second option, they would also need to decide whether to request approval for both claims or just the treatment claim. Option two is the best course of action based on the evidence and data presented in the case. They should only seek approval of the treatment claim and work to get the required additional evidence for the prevention claim approval in the near future to differentiate as more drugs enter the OTC market. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis Pepcid Ac Racing to the Otc Market or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page All marketing claims regarding â€Å"the uses, benefit, or efficacy of any drug† (King, et al. 2003) require approval by the FDA. JJM progress toward approval for Pepcid AC as an OTC heartburn remedy was stalled in late July of 1994. The advisory committees requested additional evidence to support JJM’s claims that Pepcid AC prevented and/or provided relief from heartburn. JJM’s largest competition for first-to-market was SmithKline Beecham’s drug Tagamet, which had also been stalled by the advisory committee for the FDA. At one time JJM had conceded the first-to-market slot SmithKline Beecham due to the recent decisions of the advisory board they had an opportunity to be first-to-market. This is the optimal time for JJM to enter the highly competitive market ahead of their three main competitors. JJM has a number of considerations when regarding competition in the growing (~15% increase per year) ulcer medication market. The importance of being first to enter the OTC ulcer/heartburn medication market and capitalization on the remaining six years of patent protection hould not be overlooked by the managers of JJM. The drug market is highly competitive, for example; Tagamet’s US prescription sales dropped by over 37% in 1993 when generic manufacturers entered the market. The FDA’s historical record generally follows the recommendations of the advisory committee, but they had made exceptions in the past. JJM needs to attempt to persuade the FDA of the validity of their current research to gain approval without the advisory board’s recommendation. Prescription Pepcid’s safety had already been approved by the FDA so JJM needs to prove the efficacy with current research of the lower dosage and consumers’ willingness to use the product safely for their OTC version. Another reason to move forward with the treatment only claim is because the FDA has been critical of all prevention claims, choosing to rely more on education for prevention. The final reason is the prevention claim was more of a strategic consideration for differentiation from Tagamet when it originally appeared to have secured the first-to-market slot. The most important position in the OTC market is the first to enter. With Tagamet stalled, JJM could now secure the position and continue to get additional clinical support of their prevention claim to differentiate Pepcid AC when the market is more saturated. Differentiation is an important consideration in the OTC market which could be classified as a â€Å"red ocean where companies try to grab bigger slices of existing demand and as time passes the water turns bloodier due to new entrants and increased competition. † (Kim and Mauborgne 2004). However, in the short run being first is more important than differentiation and JJM is fully aware of the intense OTC market from previous experience. Based on historical experience, JJM’s management â€Å"believed that the battle for market share would be over quickly, within a year of the first products entry. † (King, et al. 2003) JJM research (consumer usage behavior, concept testing, Bases I and II analysis, etc. ) indicated that the distinct difference between antacid users and prescription drug users was that antacid users took their product in â€Å"treatment† mode, yet another reason JJM should try to secure FDA approval for the treatment claim. Their concept testing resulted in value placement on long lasting benefits, 8 hours verses 4 hours of the average antacid. JJM believed its largest competitor, SmithKline Beecham, would focus on loyalty and patronage of their prescription counterpart. If JJM could secure the FDA approval faster with the treatment only claim they could focus their marketing campaign on Pepcid AC’s outperformance/long lasting benefits and added convenience over the current antacid competition. JJM’s follow-on campaign could then focus on the additional benefit of prevention, pending FDA approval. Their pricing strategy should stay $2. 95, which was competitive with the current OTC market. At this price the estimated 60% gross margin should help to offset costs during the first year and consistently for the foreseeable future even as more competitors enter the market. The BASES II testing by JJM provided evidence that first year sales would amount to $72. 7 million, after advertising, which AC Nielsen estimated to be within 9% of actual sales. There was concern of inherent cannibalization of both prescription Pepcid and the antacid Mylanta, also owned by JJM. BASES II’s research indicated ~30% of users intended to replace their prescription product with Pepcid AC, and 28%-34% would use it as a substitute for nonprescription antacids. BASES II also estimated cannibalization at 8% from prescription Pepcid and 11% from Mylanta antacid which is considerable. However, the better numbers to focus on are the percentages Pepcid AC is projected to take from its competitors, 55% OTC and 26% prescription (from Table E). Research from the BASES II testing further indicated it may be in JJM’s best interest to recruit pharmacists. In the OTC market, pharmacists should be considered as â€Å"influencers† that help customers make purchasing decisions. If JJM can gain the support of pharmacists they should help to persuade customers to use Pepcid AC over competitors and traditional antacids. SmithKline Beecham was the first to the market with Tagamet in 1977 and enjoyed 100% market share for six years. Later three drugs entered the market, including Pepcid, which now account for 95% of the prescription market for ulcer medications. JJM knows it will have the same three main competitors for the OTC version of Pepcid. It is essential for them to be the first into the OTC market so they can capitalize on the protection of their patents for as long as possible and capitalize on market share, simultaneously conducting the required research to get the prevention claim at a later date. The future prevention claim will help to further differentiate Pepcid AC when the market is filled with the other leading competitors and looming generic brands. Finally, JJM will need to work consistently on strategic advertising to both consumers and influencers (namely pharmacists) to get buy-in and support of their product against the competitors today and into the future.